[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.guan-yin.cz\/nebezpeci-poplasnych-zprav\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.guan-yin.cz\/nebezpeci-poplasnych-zprav\/","headline":"Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed popla\u0161n\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v","name":"Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed popla\u0161n\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v","description":"Anglick\u00e9 slovo \u201ehoax\u201c poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze 17. Stolet\u00ed, ov\u0161em v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b se s n\u00edm setk\u00e1v\u00e1me \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l \u010dast\u011bji. D\u0159\u00edve ozna\u010dovalo podvod \u010di mystifikaci, v dne\u0161n\u00edm kontextu se jedn\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na o popla\u0161nou zpr\u00e1vu, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed zalo\u017eena na pravd\u011b. V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b globalizace m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt takov\u00fdto \u017eert nebo z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e9 klam\u00e1n\u00ed tragick\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky.","datePublished":"2023-05-05","dateModified":"2023-05-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.guan-yin.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.guan-yin.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9650bad63f840fe2951db83904c5d1edf6fafb8283b72071d80cdc2088366373?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9650bad63f840fe2951db83904c5d1edf6fafb8283b72071d80cdc2088366373?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"guan-yin.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.guan-yin.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a302964_w2331_t1513064755.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.guan-yin.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a302964_w2331_t1513064755.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.guan-yin.cz\/nebezpeci-poplasnych-zprav\/","wordCount":624,"articleBody":"Anglick\u00e9 slovo \u201ehoax\u201c poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze 17. Stolet\u00ed, ov\u0161em v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b se s n\u00edm setk\u00e1v\u00e1me \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l \u010dast\u011bji. D\u0159\u00edve ozna\u010dovalo podvod \u010di mystifikaci, v dne\u0161n\u00edm kontextu se jedn\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na o popla\u0161nou zpr\u00e1vu, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed zalo\u017eena na pravd\u011b. V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b globalizace m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt takov\u00fdto \u017eert nebo z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e9 klam\u00e1n\u00ed tragick\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky.  Jak to bylo v minulosti s klamn\u00fdmi zpr\u00e1vami v minulosti? Internet neexistoval, hlavn\u00edm zdrojem informac\u00ed o sv\u011bt\u011b byl v nejran\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dob\u00e1ch zejm\u00e9na tisk. Ten ov\u0161em nebyl svobodn\u00fd, vl\u00e1da a cenzura kontrolovaly ve\u0161ker\u00e9 noviny a zpravodaje, kter\u00e9 v zemi vych\u00e1zely, proto se na povrch nedostaly nejenom zpr\u00e1vy nepravdiv\u00e9, ale i ty, co re\u00e1ln\u00fd z\u00e1klad m\u011bly, jen pro vl\u00e1du nebylo \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed, aby se o nich ve\u0159ejnost dozv\u011bd\u011bla. Novin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 kachna Tento pojem je jist\u011b dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fd v\u0161em, ozna\u010duje typ \u010dl\u00e1nku, jeho\u017e podstata nen\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159ena, je to tedy takov\u00fd \u201ev\u011bdom\u00fd hoax\u201c, \u010dili mo\u017enost nepravdivosti uveden\u00fdch informac\u00ed autor p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed. To se v internetov\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch opravdu nest\u00e1v\u00e1. Kde se ale tento pojem vzal? Neov\u011b\u0159en\u00fd novinov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek byl ozna\u010den dv\u011bma p\u00edsmeny N. T. To z latiny znamenalo non-tested (netestov\u00e1no, neov\u011b\u0159eno). Po p\u0159e\u010dten\u00ed t\u011bchto dvou hl\u00e1sek z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me existuj\u00edc\u00ed slovo Ente. Die Ente znamen\u00e1 v n\u011bm\u010din\u011b kachna. Tento v\u00fdraz se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il a je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 mluv\u011b. Ov\u0161em upad\u00e1 jeho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed i v\u00fdznam, tisk ztr\u00e1c\u00ed na s\u00edle. Novodob\u00e9 kachny \u2013 hoaxy se naopak velmi rychle \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed. K nepravosti nebo ne\u00fapln\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159enosti informac\u00ed se dnes nep\u0159iznaj\u00ed auto\u0159i televizn\u00edch report\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, ani internetov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hoaxy Hoaxy mohou b\u00fdt jednak zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na citov\u00e9 vyd\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed (nemocn\u00e9 d\u011bti apod.), co\u017e je velice neetick\u00e9. D\u00e1le je to vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdmi napaden\u00edmi po\u010d\u00edta\u010de viry, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s nut\u00ed, abychom si nainstalovali antivirov\u00e9 programy nebo jin\u00e9 aplikace, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s \u00fadajn\u011b maj\u00ed ochr\u00e1nit. S t\u011bmito typy popla\u0161n\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v se d\u00e1 ov\u0161em se zdrav\u00fdm rozumem a i minim\u00e1ln\u00ed znalost\u00ed internetu vypo\u0159\u00e1dat, proto\u017ee jsou obvykle lehko rozeznateln\u00e9.  Pon\u011bkud jin\u00e9 je to ov\u0161em se zpr\u00e1vami, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed politiky, glob\u00e1ln\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f i celkov\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 situace. Z t\u011bchto um\u011ble vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00fdty, kter\u00e9 koluj\u00ed v\u0161emi m\u00e9dii, jeliko\u017e lid\u00e9 pova\u017euj\u00ed internet (nebo konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed webovou str\u00e1nku) za v\u011brohodnou. Pro\u010d n\u011bkdo vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed takov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy? Z\u0159ejm\u011b chce n\u011bjak\u00fdmi argumenty potvrdit svoje invalidn\u00ed n\u00e1zory nebo podpo\u0159it n\u011bjak\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed. Obvykle m\u00e1 toto jedn\u00e1n\u00ed dopad na velkou \u010d\u00e1st spole\u010dnosti. Jak se br\u00e1nit? Rozeznat pravdiv\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy a od t\u011bch fale\u0161n\u00fdch je v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed internetov\u00e9 gramotnosti a v \u017eivot\u011b se n\u00e1m to opravdu velmi hod\u00ed. Budeme m\u00e9n\u011b ovlivniteln\u00ed, nau\u010d\u00edme se pracovat se zdroji a m\u00e9dii. To je taky jedin\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak se nau\u010dit br\u00e1nit proti vlivu hoax\u016f \u2013 pracovat s internetem, podez\u0159el\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy si v\u017edy ov\u011b\u0159it na v\u00edce webech nebo v jin\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00edch. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je taky naj\u00edt n\u011bkolik skute\u010dn\u011b spolehliv\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a \u010derpat p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z nich.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.4\/5 - (8 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed popla\u0161n\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v","item":"https:\/\/www.guan-yin.cz\/nebezpeci-poplasnych-zprav\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]